İşitme Engellilerin İstihdam Ve Kariyerlerini Engelleyen Faktörlerin Çeşitli Yönlerden İncelenmesi
Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the factors that hinder the employment and careers of the hearing impaired from various aspects. Focus group interviews were held with 3 female personnel from the İŞKUR disabled job coaching service, 2 managers in the factory where the hearing-impaired work, and Two hearing impaired persons. In the study, the factors that negatively affect the employment of the hearing impaired are grouped under the themes of personal, institutional and social factors. At the end of the study, it is stated that employers should be informed about the recruitment and employment of the hearing impaired and it is important for the hearing impaired to participate in vocational training courses both for themselves and for the workplaces where they will be employed.
Özet
Bu çalışmanın da amacı işitme engellilerin istihdam ve kariyerlerini engelleyen faktörlerin çeşitli yönlerden incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla belirlenen ölçütler çerçevesinde, Yenimahalle ilçesi İŞKUR engelli iş koçluğu servisinden 3 kadın personel, işitme engellilerin çalıştığı fabrikada 2 yönetici ve işitme engeli olan 2 kişi ile odak grup görüşmeleri yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen nitel veriler içerik analizi tekniği analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işitme engellilerin istihdamını olumsuz etkileyen faktörler, kişisel, kurumsal ve sosyal faktörler temaları altında toplanmış ve tartışılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda işverenlerin işitme engellilerin işe alımı, istihdamı konusunda bilgilendirilmesi gerektiği ve işitme engellilerin mesleki eğitim kurslarına katılmasının hem kendileri, hem de istihdam olacakları işyerleri için önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir.
References
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Beyer, S., Jordán de Urríes, F. D. B., ve Verdugo, M. A. (2010). A comparative study of the situation of supported employment in Europe. Journal of policy and practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 7(2), 130-136. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-1130.2010.00255.x.
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Dikili, A. (2012). Yeni Kariyer Yaklaşımlarına İlişkin Değerlendirmeler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 473-484.
Duckett, P.S. 2000. Disabling Employment Interviews: Warfare to Work. Disability ve Society. 15(7), pp. 1019-1039.
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Eres, F. (2010). Special Education in Turkey. US-China Education Review, 7(4), 94-100.
Ergüden, A. D. (2008). Sosyal Dışlanma Açısından Bedensel Engelli Bireylerin Yaşantılarının İncelenmesi. Ankara: Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
Fırat, S. (2010). People with disabilities in Turkey: An Overview. Information Technologies, Management and Society, 3(2), 51-54.
Forrester, M., & Sullivan, C. (2018). Doing qualitative research in psychology: A practical guide. California:SAGE Publications Ltd
Gönülaçan, A. (2016). Türkiye’de Engelli İstihdamı ve İşverenlerin Engelli İstihdamına Yönelik Tutumları: Trabzon Örneği. Isparta: Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi.
Gürbüz, S. (2019). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. Ankara: Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.
Hsieh, H. F. ve S. E. Shannon (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research. 15.9, 1277-1288.
ILO (2019). Joint statement: Towards inclusive social protection system supporting full and effective participation of persons with disabilities. www.social-protection.org/
Ineson, R. (2015). Exploring paid employment options with a person with severe learning disabilities and high support needs: An exploratory case study. The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 78(1), 58-65. doi: 10.1177/0308022614561234 British Journal of Occupational Therapy January 2015 vol. 78 no. 1 58-65.
Iriarte EG, McConkey R, Gilligan R (eds). 2015. Disability and Human Rights: Global Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan: London.
Kaya, H. (2019). Bir İnsan Hakkı Olarak "Engelli Bireyin Çalışma Hakkı". Ulusal ve Uluslararası Mevzuat Çerçevesinde Engelli Hakları, Yaşanan Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri Sempozyumu (s. 41-47). Ankara: Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.
Kırcı Çevik, N ve Korkmaz, O, (2014), ‘Türkiye’de Yaşam Doyumu ve İş Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkinin İki Değişkenli Sıralı Probit Model Analizi’, Niğde Universitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7, . 1, ss.126-145
Kulkarnı, M., & Gopakumar, K. V. (2014,). Career Management Strategies of People With Disabilities. Human Resource Management, 53(3), 445-466.
Luft, P. 2015. Transition Services for DHH Adolescents and Young Adults with Disabilities: Challenges and Theoretical Frameworks. American Annals of the Deaf. 160(4), pp. 395–414.
Lynch, C., İnal, H. S., ve Subaşı, F. (2020). Supported Employment Model for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Place, Train, Maintain. Supported Employment Model for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Place, Train, Maintain.
Macrae, G. and Laverty, L. 2006. Discrimination Doesn’t Work: Disabled People’s Experience of Applying for Jobs in Scotland. Scotland: Leonard Cheshire.
Mamatoğlu, N. (2015). Türkiye’ de Engelli İstihdamının Genel Görünümü: İşveren Gözüyle Engelli İstihdamını Artırma Konusunda Önerilen Politikalar. Alternatif Politika, 7(3), 524-561.
Masluk, B., Gascón, S., Asensio, Á., Albesa, A., Marqués, A. I., Montero, J., & Campayo, J. G. (2015). La diversidad funcional física, sensorial o intelectual como factor generador de riesgo psicosocial. Efectos psicosociales de la crisis laboral y a precarización del trabajo (s. 114-127). içinde México: Casa abierta al tiempo Unıversidad Autónoma Metropolitana.
McKinney, E.L. and Swartz, L. 2021. Employment Integration Barriers: Experiences of People with Disabilities. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 32(10), pp.2298-2320.
McNeil, J.M. (1993). Americans with Disabilities: 1991-199Z (Current Population Reports, P70-33). Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census.
Meager, N. and T. Higgins. (2011). Disability and Skills in a Changing Economy. UK Commission for Employment and Skills: Briefing Paper Series.
Merriam, Sharan B. (2018), Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber (3. Baskı). S. Turan (çev.). İstanbul: Nobel.
Meşhur, H. F. A. (2004). Engellilerin çalışma yaşamına katılma gerekliliği ve uygulanan istihdam politikalarının değerlendirilmesi. Öz-Veri Dergisi, 1(2), 178-183.
Mizunoya, S., ve Mitra, S. (2012). Is There a Disability Gap in Employment Rates in Developing Countries? Gladnet Collection.
Newton, R., & Ormerod, M. (2005). Do disabled people have a place in the UK construction industry?. Construction Management and Economics, 23(10), 1071-1081.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2012. Equity and Quality in Education: Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools. OECD Publishing: Paris.
Punch, R. (2016). Employment and adults who are deaf or hard of hearing: Current status and experiences of barriers, accommodations, and stress in the workplace. American Annals of the Deaf, 161(3), 384-397.
Robertson, S., Lewis, G. and Hiila, H. 2004. Supported employment in the public sector for people with significant disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation. 21(1), pp.9-17.
Rosengreen, K., ve Saladin, S. 2010. Deaf Workers Prioritized Workplace Expectations: A Qualitative Study. Journal of the American Deafness and Rehabilitation Association. 42(3), pp. 128- 151.
Shepherd DA, Williams TA. 2018. Hitting Rock Bottom After Job Loss: Bouncing Back to Create a New Positive Work Identity. Academy of Management Review 43(1): 28-49 DOI:10.5465/amr.2015.0102
Shuey, K. and A. Willson. (2017). “Trajectories of Work Disability and Economic Insecurity Approaching Retirement.” Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 74:1200-10
Shuler, G. K., Mistler, L. A., Torrey, K., and Depukat, R. 2014. More than Signing: Communicating with the Deaf. Nursing Management. 45(3), pp. 20-27.
Soysal, A. (2014). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi (s. 293-354). içinde Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
Şahin, H., & Cengiz, İ. (2017). Üniversite Personelinin İşyerinde Engelliye Yönelik Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), s.s. 473-481.
Şişman, Y. (2011). Türkiye' de Özürlülere Yönelik Yasal Düzenlemeler. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, 1(60), 169-221.
TUIK (2011). Turkiye Istatistik Kurumu, Adrese Dayali Nufus Verileri.
TUİK (2015), Haber Bülteni, Sayı: 18617, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/
TÜİK, 2020. Türkiye istatistik enstitüsü. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Start.do Erişim: 15.03.2023
Vornholt K, Villotti P, Bauer J, Colella A, Zijlstra F, Muschalla B, Van Ruitenbeek G, Uitdewilligen S, Corbière M, (2018). Disability and employment: overview and highlights. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 27(1): 40-55
Wagner, C., & Maree, D. (2007). Teaching research methodology: Implications for psychology on the road ahead. South African Journal of Psychology,37(1), 121-134
Walker, A. 1982. Unqualified and Underemployed. Basingstoke: Macmillan/National Children’s Bureau.
WHO (2011), World Report on Disability, World Health Organization, Malta.
World Health Organisation, World Bank. World Report on Disability. Geneva. WHO; 2011. www.who.int/disabilities/world_report
World Health Organization. (2015). WHO global disability action plan 2014-2021: Better health for all people with disability. World Health Organization.
Arslan, H., & Altıntaş, G. (2012). Engellilerin Çalışma Yaşamına Katılımını Arttırarak Toplumla Kaynaşmalarını Sağlamayı Hedefleyen Bir Model Önerisi. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 165-186.
Aycan, Z, (20059 Engellilerin İş Hayatına Katılımı, Sabancı Vakfı Hibe Programı Görme Engellilerin İş Yaşamına Entegrasyonu Projesi,
Barnes, C. (1991) Disabled People in Britain and Discrimination: A Case for Anti-Discrimination Legislation, London: Hurst and Co. and BCODP.
Bayraktaroğlu, S (2017) Yeni Kariyer Yaklaşımı olarak Bireysel ve Kurumsal İstihdam Edilebilirlik Kapasitesinin Geliştirilmesi, Ekonomi ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4, 7,
Belknap, P. J., Korwin, K. A., ve Long, N. M. (2019). Job coaching: A means to reduce unemployment and underemployment in the deaf community. JADARA, 28(4), 7.
Beyer, S., Jordán de Urríes, F. D. B., ve Verdugo, M. A. (2010). A comparative study of the situation of supported employment in Europe. Journal of policy and practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 7(2), 130-136. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-1130.2010.00255.x.
Cohen, M (2008) Removing Barriers to Work, Flexible Employment Options for People with Disabilities in BC, An Economic Security Project Report, February, CCPA: Canadian Centre of Policy Alternatives BC Office.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Sage publications.
Dikili, A. (2012). Yeni Kariyer Yaklaşımlarına İlişkin Değerlendirmeler. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 473-484.
Duckett, P.S. 2000. Disabling Employment Interviews: Warfare to Work. Disability ve Society. 15(7), pp. 1019-1039.
Engelli ve Yaşlı İstatistik Bülteni. (2020). https://ailevecalisma.gov.tr/media/37313/istatistik-bulteni-ocak-2020-1.pdf 18.03.2023 adresinden alındı
Eres, F. (2010). Special Education in Turkey. US-China Education Review, 7(4), 94-100.
Ergüden, A. D. (2008). Sosyal Dışlanma Açısından Bedensel Engelli Bireylerin Yaşantılarının İncelenmesi. Ankara: Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
Fırat, S. (2010). People with disabilities in Turkey: An Overview. Information Technologies, Management and Society, 3(2), 51-54.
Forrester, M., & Sullivan, C. (2018). Doing qualitative research in psychology: A practical guide. California:SAGE Publications Ltd
Gönülaçan, A. (2016). Türkiye’de Engelli İstihdamı ve İşverenlerin Engelli İstihdamına Yönelik Tutumları: Trabzon Örneği. Isparta: Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi.
Gürbüz, S. (2019). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. Ankara: Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.
Hsieh, H. F. ve S. E. Shannon (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research. 15.9, 1277-1288.
ILO (2019). Joint statement: Towards inclusive social protection system supporting full and effective participation of persons with disabilities. www.social-protection.org/
Ineson, R. (2015). Exploring paid employment options with a person with severe learning disabilities and high support needs: An exploratory case study. The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 78(1), 58-65. doi: 10.1177/0308022614561234 British Journal of Occupational Therapy January 2015 vol. 78 no. 1 58-65.
Iriarte EG, McConkey R, Gilligan R (eds). 2015. Disability and Human Rights: Global Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan: London.
Kaya, H. (2019). Bir İnsan Hakkı Olarak "Engelli Bireyin Çalışma Hakkı". Ulusal ve Uluslararası Mevzuat Çerçevesinde Engelli Hakları, Yaşanan Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri Sempozyumu (s. 41-47). Ankara: Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.
Kırcı Çevik, N ve Korkmaz, O, (2014), ‘Türkiye’de Yaşam Doyumu ve İş Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkinin İki Değişkenli Sıralı Probit Model Analizi’, Niğde Universitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7, . 1, ss.126-145
Kulkarnı, M., & Gopakumar, K. V. (2014,). Career Management Strategies of People With Disabilities. Human Resource Management, 53(3), 445-466.
Luft, P. 2015. Transition Services for DHH Adolescents and Young Adults with Disabilities: Challenges and Theoretical Frameworks. American Annals of the Deaf. 160(4), pp. 395–414.
Lynch, C., İnal, H. S., ve Subaşı, F. (2020). Supported Employment Model for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Place, Train, Maintain. Supported Employment Model for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Place, Train, Maintain.
Macrae, G. and Laverty, L. 2006. Discrimination Doesn’t Work: Disabled People’s Experience of Applying for Jobs in Scotland. Scotland: Leonard Cheshire.
Mamatoğlu, N. (2015). Türkiye’ de Engelli İstihdamının Genel Görünümü: İşveren Gözüyle Engelli İstihdamını Artırma Konusunda Önerilen Politikalar. Alternatif Politika, 7(3), 524-561.
Masluk, B., Gascón, S., Asensio, Á., Albesa, A., Marqués, A. I., Montero, J., & Campayo, J. G. (2015). La diversidad funcional física, sensorial o intelectual como factor generador de riesgo psicosocial. Efectos psicosociales de la crisis laboral y a precarización del trabajo (s. 114-127). içinde México: Casa abierta al tiempo Unıversidad Autónoma Metropolitana.
McKinney, E.L. and Swartz, L. 2021. Employment Integration Barriers: Experiences of People with Disabilities. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 32(10), pp.2298-2320.
McNeil, J.M. (1993). Americans with Disabilities: 1991-199Z (Current Population Reports, P70-33). Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census.
Meager, N. and T. Higgins. (2011). Disability and Skills in a Changing Economy. UK Commission for Employment and Skills: Briefing Paper Series.
Merriam, Sharan B. (2018), Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber (3. Baskı). S. Turan (çev.). İstanbul: Nobel.
Meşhur, H. F. A. (2004). Engellilerin çalışma yaşamına katılma gerekliliği ve uygulanan istihdam politikalarının değerlendirilmesi. Öz-Veri Dergisi, 1(2), 178-183.
Mizunoya, S., ve Mitra, S. (2012). Is There a Disability Gap in Employment Rates in Developing Countries? Gladnet Collection.
Newton, R., & Ormerod, M. (2005). Do disabled people have a place in the UK construction industry?. Construction Management and Economics, 23(10), 1071-1081.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2012. Equity and Quality in Education: Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools. OECD Publishing: Paris.
Punch, R. (2016). Employment and adults who are deaf or hard of hearing: Current status and experiences of barriers, accommodations, and stress in the workplace. American Annals of the Deaf, 161(3), 384-397.
Robertson, S., Lewis, G. and Hiila, H. 2004. Supported employment in the public sector for people with significant disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation. 21(1), pp.9-17.
Rosengreen, K., ve Saladin, S. 2010. Deaf Workers Prioritized Workplace Expectations: A Qualitative Study. Journal of the American Deafness and Rehabilitation Association. 42(3), pp. 128- 151.
Shepherd DA, Williams TA. 2018. Hitting Rock Bottom After Job Loss: Bouncing Back to Create a New Positive Work Identity. Academy of Management Review 43(1): 28-49 DOI:10.5465/amr.2015.0102
Shuey, K. and A. Willson. (2017). “Trajectories of Work Disability and Economic Insecurity Approaching Retirement.” Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 74:1200-10
Shuler, G. K., Mistler, L. A., Torrey, K., and Depukat, R. 2014. More than Signing: Communicating with the Deaf. Nursing Management. 45(3), pp. 20-27.
Soysal, A. (2014). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi (s. 293-354). içinde Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
Şahin, H., & Cengiz, İ. (2017). Üniversite Personelinin İşyerinde Engelliye Yönelik Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi. Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), s.s. 473-481.
Şişman, Y. (2011). Türkiye' de Özürlülere Yönelik Yasal Düzenlemeler. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, 1(60), 169-221.
TUIK (2011). Turkiye Istatistik Kurumu, Adrese Dayali Nufus Verileri.
TUİK (2015), Haber Bülteni, Sayı: 18617, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/
TÜİK, 2020. Türkiye istatistik enstitüsü. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Start.do Erişim: 15.03.2023
Vornholt K, Villotti P, Bauer J, Colella A, Zijlstra F, Muschalla B, Van Ruitenbeek G, Uitdewilligen S, Corbière M, (2018). Disability and employment: overview and highlights. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 27(1): 40-55
Wagner, C., & Maree, D. (2007). Teaching research methodology: Implications for psychology on the road ahead. South African Journal of Psychology,37(1), 121-134
Walker, A. 1982. Unqualified and Underemployed. Basingstoke: Macmillan/National Children’s Bureau.
WHO (2011), World Report on Disability, World Health Organization, Malta.
World Health Organisation, World Bank. World Report on Disability. Geneva. WHO; 2011. www.who.int/disabilities/world_report
World Health Organization. (2015). WHO global disability action plan 2014-2021: Better health for all people with disability. World Health Organization.
Published
2023-05-19
How to Cite
TERZI, Ali Kemal; UYANIK, Yücel.
İşitme Engellilerin İstihdam Ve Kariyerlerini Engelleyen Faktörlerin Çeşitli Yönlerden İncelenmesi.
Journal of European Education, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 1, p. 60-86, may 2023.
ISSN 2146-2674.
Available at: <https://eu-journal.org/index.php/JEE/article/view/359>. Date accessed: 06 may 2024.
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